The Ultimate Guide to Crate Training Your Dog

What is Crate Training and Why is it Important?

Crate training allows dogs to have a secure, individual space which reflects their natural behaviour. It is helpful for the management of behaviour, and safety when travelling and facilitates feelings of safety. If applied properly, the dog will look at the crate as a site for relaxation, not confinement. The well-trained dog will go to their crate willingly. Crate training can also be useful for multi-pet families, where each pet can have a special place to retreat and feel safe.

How to Crate Train a Dog?

• Choose the Right Crate – Ensure it’s spacious enough for your dog to stand, turn, and lie down comfortably. Different crate types include wire crates, plastic kennels, and soft-sided crates. Consider a size-appropriate crate to avoid excessive space that may encourage accidents.
• Make it Comfortable – Add soft bedding, a favorite toy, and treats to create a welcoming environment. Covered crates can provide extra security for anxious dogs. Some dogs prefer an open crate, while others like a more enclosed space.
• Introduce the Crate Gradually – Let your dog explore the crate freely before closing the door. Encourage them with treats and praise. Leaving the door open initially allows them to develop curiosity and trust.
• Use Positive Reinforcement – Reward your dog when they enter the crate willingly. Avoid using force or negative reinforcement. Consistently praising your dog will help them associate the crate with positivity.
• Establish a Crate Training Schedule – Follow a routine to ensure consistency, setting designated crate times for naps, quiet time, and sleep. Routine builds predictability, reducing stress for your dog.
• Practice Short Durations First – Start with a few minutes and gradually increase the time spent inside. Avoid extended periods in the beginning. This approach helps build your dog’s confidence.
• Be Patient and Avoid Forcing – Let your dog develop a positive association with the crate. Offer meals inside or use a favourite blanket for comfort. Some dogs may take longer to adjust, and patience is key.
• Use Commands and Consistency – Teach your dog a cue like “crate” or “bed” when directing them to their space. Repetition helps them understand and comply willingly. Training commands reinforce obedience and routine.

Can You Crate Train an Older Dog?

Yes, crate training an older dog is possible with patience and the right approach:

• Start slow and create positive experiences – Older dogs may need extra time to adapt. Some may have past negative experiences, requiring additional reassurance.
• Keep training sessions short and rewarding – Use treats and praise to encourage voluntary crate use. Short sessions prevent overwhelming your dog.
• Never use the crate as punishment – This prevents negative associations. An older dog needs time to adjust to a new routine positively.
• Gradually increase crate time while monitoring their comfort – Ensure they feel safe and stress-free. Provide comfort items to make the space feel familiar.
• Observe Behavior Changes – Older dogs might have existing fears or anxieties, so adjust the training pace accordingly. Be aware of any mobility issues that may require additional accommodations.

What is the Best Dog Crate Training Schedule?

• Morning: Potty break, breakfast, and short crate time.
• Midday: Short crate breaks combined with outdoor play. Mental stimulation through toys can help keep them engaged.
• Afternoon: More supervised crate time followed by exercise. Crating during quiet times can help dogs associate it with rest.
• Evening: Dinner, playtime, and crate for bedtime.
• Overnight: Keep disturbances minimal for a restful sleep. Avoid late-night stimulation that could disrupt sleep routines.

How to Crate Train a Dog at Night?

• Ensure the crate is in a quiet, dimly lit space – A calm environment promotes sleep. Consider keeping the crate near you for the first few nights.
• Avoid giving water or food right before bedtime – Minimizes nighttime bathroom breaks. Keeping a routine feeding schedule helps prevent disruptions.
• Use a soft blanket and a ticking clock to create a calming effect – Gentle sounds can provide comfort. Some dogs may benefit from a white noise machine or soft music.
• Keep nighttime potty breaks brief and low-stimulation – Take them out calmly and return them to the crate immediately. Avoid playtime during these breaks.
• Avoid excessive crate use to prevent anxiety – Ensure they spend enough time outside the crate during the day. Proper exercise during the day promotes better nighttime rest.
• Set a Bedtime Routine – Having a consistent routine, such as a short walk before bed, helps your dog associate the crate with rest. A bedtime routine also signals to your dog that it’s time to wind down.

For puppies, whining the first few nights is normal. Stay patient and offer reassurance without reinforcing the behaviour. If a puppy cries excessively, they may need a potty break or feel too confined, so make adjustments as needed. Some dogs take longer to adjust to crate training at night, so remain consistent and calm.

Common Crate Training Mistakes to Avoid

• Using the crate as punishment – This creates fear rather than comfort. Your dog should see the crate as a safe space.
• Leaving the dog crated too long – Excessive crating can lead to anxiety and frustration. Ensure your dog gets plenty of time outside the crate.
• Skipping positive reinforcement – Reward good behaviour to build a positive association. Praise and treats encourage voluntary crate use.
• Not providing enough exercise – Dogs need playtime and stimulation outside the crate. Mental and physical activities help prevent restlessness.
• Ignoring Signs of Discomfort – If your dog whines, paws, or resists entering the crate, assess whether something is causing stress or discomfort. Adjust the training process as needed.

Alternatives to Crate Training

If crate training isn’t the best fit for your dog, consider these alternatives:

• Playpens or gated areas – Provide more space while still ensuring safety. This can be a good option for active dogs.
• Dog-proofing a room – Designate a safe space where they can roam freely. This gives them more freedom while maintaining security.
• Training mats or beds – Encourage a specific resting area without using a crate. This works well for dogs who prefer open spaces.

Tether Training – Using a leash to keep your dog close while still allowing movement can be an option for supervision. Supervised freedom allows them to stay near you without a crate.